Constitutional Law Essentials Flashcards
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Terms in this set
- Federalism The constitutional division of power between the national government and the states.
- Commerce Clause Congress's power to regulate interstate commerce — the source of most federal regulatory authority.
- Equal Protection The Fourteenth Amendment guarantee that states may not deny any person the equal protection of the laws.
- Free Speech The First Amendment protection of expression against government abridgement.
- Suspect Classification A government classification — race, national origin, or alienage — that triggers strict scrutiny under equal protection.
- Standing The Article III requirement that a plaintiff have a concrete, personalized stake in the outcome — injury, causation, and redressability.
- Liberty A protected interest under the Due Process Clauses, covering both procedural protections and substantive fundamental rights.
- Privacy A fundamental right inferred from the Due Process Clause protecting personal autonomy in intimate decisions.
- State Sovereignty The residual governmental authority of the states not delegated to the federal government, protected by the Tenth and Eleventh Amendments.
- Establishment Clause The First Amendment prohibition on government establishing or endorsing religion.