Shock

Shock is inadequate tissue perfusion that leaves cells starved of oxygen and, untreated, leads to organ failure and death. Early (compensated) shock shows tachycardia, restlessness, and cool, pale skin as the body compensates, while hypotension is a LATE sign indicating the compensatory mechanisms have failed. Restoring perfusion early — with oxygen, IV fluids, and prompt treatment of the underlying cause — is what improves survival, so recognizing the subtle early signs is critical.