Body Systems II Quiz
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Terms in this set
- Skeletal System The 206 adult bones plus cartilage and ligaments that support the body, protect organs, anchor muscles, store calcium, and produce blood cells in red marrow.
- Muscular System Three muscle types — skeletal (voluntary, striated, moves bones), cardiac (involuntary, striated, heart only), and smooth (involuntary, lines organs and vessels) — that produce movement and heat.
- Urinary System The kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, which filter blood, remove nitrogenous waste as urine, and regulate fluid volume, electrolytes, blood pressure, and pH.
- Reproductive System The organs that produce gametes (sperm in the testes, eggs in the ovaries) and sex hormones (testosterone, estrogen, progesterone), enabling fertilization and, in females, pregnancy.
- Anatomical Position & Planes Standard reference language for the body: directional pairs like anterior/posterior, superior/inferior, medial/lateral, proximal/distal, plus the sagittal (left-right), frontal/coronal (front-back), and transverse (top-bottom) planes.
- Homeostasis & Feedback The body's maintenance of a stable internal environment (temperature, blood glucose, pH) using feedback loops — mostly negative feedback, where the response counteracts the change.
- Levels of Organization Life's structural hierarchy: cells form tissues, tissues form organs, organs form organ systems, and systems form the organism.